CEFR Test Prep: Fix Your Travel English

0:00 Quick test. Right or wrong? You decide. He is away on a business journey this week. Decide now. Out loud if you can.

0:12 Don't look it up. Hold on to your answer because I'll give you the answer later in this lesson. Okay, it's one of the most common mistakes in travel English and that's why this lesson is worth your 30 minutes. Okay, so welcome. I'm Alex and this is Alex's Adventures in English. Actually, this is Alex's Adventures The British English Podcast.

0:43 Yes. Today we do the first half of unit 31 travel from English vocabulary in use upper intermediate pages 68 and 69 by Michael McCarthy and Felicity O'Dell. It's yes, this book is suitable for people studying for example, who FCE, you know, the first certificate exam. If you want to get there if you want to get if you want to score a C2 level, well, this is a great book for you. Or maybe you're on your way to getting a C1 level. Okay, this is the right way for you.

1:37 Okay. So if you're on only listening, sorry, let me start that again. If you're only listening, don't worry. I'll read everything out loud for you. Let's go. Very good.

1:58 There we go. [clears throat] Let me show you the book. This is the front cover of the book, English Vocabulary in Use, upper-intermediate. You'll get a link below, not right now, but later on my YouTube channel. You'll get a link below. And you can buy it from there, okay?

2:23 So that'll be Yeah, you can do that. Anyway. So let's begin. The book and So the first page is divided into three divided into three sections, A, B, and C. Okay, let's begin with A, which is Okay, so this is the theory. All right.

2:51 So let us begin. Okay. So let's begin. This is road transport. Okay? Road transport.

3:13 We've got different types of vehicle. This is the key vocabulary, the basic vocabulary you need to know to do the exercises later on. Okay? So road transport. Vehicles. Well, this is quite basic, car.

3:35 Car with a British accent, a southern standard British English or Received Pronunciation, too. You will say car, okay? Bus. Bus. Coach. Tram.

3:51 Van. And don't worry if you don't get any of these words, later on we'll have a look at we'll have a closer look at their pronunciation and their meaning. Lorry. Yes. And in American English a lorry is a truck. Anyway.

4:14 So, let's have a look at the parts, okay? Boot, steering wheel. The boot is the trunk in American English. Okay? People. So, all these are all different categories related to road transport.

4:40 Driver. Motorist. Mechanic. Chauffeur. Okay? And in American English you say chauffeur.

4:57 Chauffeur. And words related to road transport are petrol station. Okay? Breakdown as a phrasal verb. But you can also say you can also say breakdown. In this case, breakdown service.

5:24 Yeah. So, if you This is usually done in English. A phra- phrasal verbs usually end up being compound nouns, and you get breakdown as a phrasal verb, but you say breakdown. Breakdown. To have a breakdown, okay? That's a noun.

5:48 Thing, okay? So, now let's talk about some keywords related to road transport. Coach. Have a look at the pronunciation. That's coach, the same O as in go or no. This refers to a comfortable bus for long trips.

6:12 Also, a carriage on a train, it also refers to that. That's a coach. Tram. An electric vehicle that runs on rails along city streets. Okay? So, what else?

6:34 Lorry. Lorry. We mentioned that Well, actually, in the UK, lorry versus as we said before, truck in the US. This refers to a large vehicle for carrying goods by road. Boot. Okay, we're going to talk about boot.

7:06 Very good. Boot. Boot versus trunk in the US. Boot in the UK. The storage space at the back of a car. That's the definition.

7:21 And chauffeur in the UK versus chauffeur in the US. A person paid to drive someone else's car. Breakdown versus breakdown. Okay, here you've got the pronunciations and the phonetic transcriptions break up break down. You can see that's there's a secondary stress on the word break and the first stress goes on the particle, the adverb particle down. Break down.

7:55 That's the phrasal verb and the noun is break down. And for example, you can say our car broke down on the motorway. Oh or our car broke down. We called the breakdown service. Okay, we called the breakdown service. And we can talk about rail transport.

8:31 This is again we've got key vocabulary related to rail trans- transport. Vehicles. High-speed train. Express. Parts. Sleeping car.

8:49 Buffet. Coach. People. Ticket collector. Conductor. And related words.

8:56 Platform. Seat reservation. Okay, high-speed Yeah, let me say that again. High-speed train. High-speed train. Here you've got the phonetic transcription.

9:14 High-speed train. This is like high-speed train. High-speed train. Apart from that, we've got oh okay, the definition. A very fast electric train. For example, the Eurostar.

9:40 Express. That's the pronunciation. A fast train that stops at only a few stations. Conductor. Conductor. Yes, with a schwa at the beginning.

9:54 Con- con- conductor. Conductor. And the accented syllable is duck. Duck. When you talk about a duck, you know? Duck.

10:05 Those beautiful creatures. Beautiful birds. So, a duck. Conductor. Same vowel sound. And you've got two schwas at the beginning and at the end.

10:17 So, one stressed syllable only. Duck. Conductor. Conductor. In the UK. A person who checks tickets on a train.

10:34 Sea transport. Liner. Ferry. Yacht. And we'll talk about more about that word. Port.

10:46 Deck. Bridge. Gangway. Captain. Steward. Stewardess.

10:56 Yes, stewardess. So. Steward stewardess. Yes, that's where you pronounce that word. Ports. Cabin.

11:07 Cruise. Okay, let's talk about some keywords. Liner. This is a large passenger ship for long sea journeys. Yeah, these are sea journeys. Okay, because that's a compound noun.

11:23 You've got two nouns that form a unit. And when this happens, you accent the word that comes first, sea journeys, not sea journeys, but sea journeys. Okay? You'll notice that in words like credit card, debit card. You don't say You don't say credit card, debit card, except that for some reason you want to make emphasis on that, you know? Maybe you can do that.

12:00 Depending like for example here's [snorts] my credit card. Oh, sorry. I meant my debit card. Or here's my credit card. Oh, sorry. I forgot it's my credit something else credit something.

12:22 Oh, yeah. I can't think of a better example. Or here's my credit car Okay? Okay. So, my you might say that in the UK somebody might tell you that in the Southern Standard British English accent you say it's credit card, credit card. And I might correct you and say it's not credit card, it's credit card.

12:52 Not credit card, but credit card without pronouncing the R, you know? Not saying card. So, I will have to stress that word. It's credit card, not credit card, but credit card. And instead of saying credit card, you know? Okay.

13:16 So, that's something good to know. Keywords. One, sea ferry. That's the pronunciation, one accented syllable, fe- ferry. A boat that carries passengers and cars across a short stretch of water. And here, this is something interesting.

13:39 Two pronunciations in the UK, yacht. But in the US, yacht. Yeah. And this is a boat with sails on it. Well, sorry. A boat with sails or an engine used for pleasure or racing.

14:05 Okay. Interesting. Another keyword, gangway. Gangway. A small bridge for walking on and off a ship. Let me read that again.

14:20 A small bridge for walking on and off a ship. Yes, on and off a ship. Very good. This is cruise. Cruise. With a long ooh.

14:35 A holiday on a ship that visits several places. Ports. Ports. That's in the UK. And the US, port. Port.

14:57 Yes, that's right. And okay, I say in the UK. In some parts of the UK, except for the south of England. In the south of England, usually you'll hear ports, but in other areas of England on of the UK, you might hear port with a r being pronounced. Okay, like in the north of England. Anyway a town or harbor where ships stop to load and unload.

15:40 Air transport vehicles aircraft jumbo jet helicopter cockpit wings aisle ground staff cabin crew air traffic controller and related words duty-free shop terminal runway security.

16:08 Okay, let's let's begin with this word. Aircraft. Okay, you can say air craft aircraft with that air at the beginning or nowadays and you might hear air craft aircraft with that air craft a long air at the beginning aircraft. Especially in southern standard British English. In that accent. In the UK in the US, sorry, aircraft with that a like that a as in cat, you know, aircraft pronouncing the r, you know.

17:05 Aircraft. And what about the definition of this word? It refers to any vehicle that can fly. For example, a plane. So, you can say any vehicle that can fly, for example, a plane as an aircraft or an aircraft. Yeah, craft with that same R sound as in car.

17:34 Okay? Jumbo Jet. Jumbo Jet. So, what's this? What's a Jumbo Jet? It's a very large passenger plane.

17:53 Okay. So, that's that's interesting. Isn't it? So, what else we've got here? Yes, a Jumbo Jet. A Jumbo Jet.

18:09 What about this one? Helicopter. In the UK and in the US helicopter. Helicopter. An aircraft or an aircraft with large rotating blades on top. It can take off straight up.

18:29 Well, I guess you've seen an a helicopter, haven't you? What about this one? Isle. Isle. This is interesting, isn't it? Because yes, you say isle.

18:45 You don't pronounce the S. You say isle. Isle. The passage between rows of seats. The S is silent. Okay.

19:05 And what else can we say about this? Interesting. It is interesting, isn't it? So, just let me share something else with you. Just give me 1 second. I'm going to share something with you.

19:29 If you've got any questions, don't forget to leave your comments below. You can do that if you're watching the live stream or if you're watching this as an episode. Okay? And just let me share one word. Okay. Where is it?

20:05 There you go. As a noun, this word is actually Okay. Okay, this is row. Row, you know that word? The one we mentioned before. And I said row, it's a line of things arranged next to each other.

20:28 So, for example, I want to sit in the front row. Okay, I'm going back to the presentation, the passage between rows of seats. The S is silent, aisle. Very good. Cockpit. Cockpit in the UK versus cockpit in the US.

20:59 The place where the pilot sits. Duty-free shop. Duty-free shop. In the UK duty free but in the US do without the ya do duty free or sometimes duty free An airport shop where goods are sold without tax. That's the definition. Okay, let's begin with a matching exercise.

21:45 All right, so let's have a look at this matching exercise. And I'm going to read the start. You say the ending out loud and then I give you the answer. Okay? So the customs officer stopped the car and You say the answer. Give you a few seconds, of course.

22:11 If you can't see me, of course, I was [laughter] I was counting with my hands, but you can't see me actually. Some people will be able to see me, some others won't. Okay, so this is intended to be an audio visual po- podcast. Let's put it that way. So some of you will be able to see me, some others won't. So let me count to three and I'm going to give you the correct answer, but actually, if you're listening to this, you haven't seen the the options, so I would have to read them to you, of course.

22:47 Yeah, let me do that for you. So this is let me read again the first part. It's the customs officer stopped the car and three options one the driver had to open the boot. Two, they had nothing to eat. Three, their flight was cancelled. And now let's check the correct answer.

23:21 The driver had to open the boot. So, the complete sentence is the customs officer stopped the car and the driver had to open the boot. Okay, that's the back part of a car. Okay? And the boot, yeah, let me read another definition to you. The boot is the storage space at the back of a car to be more precise.

23:55 And to give you a real-life example, open the boot and put your bags inside. Next sentence. Again, we've got an incomplete sentence that you have to complete choosing the correct option, okay? So, the car broke down and one, they had nothing to eat. Two, they had a wonderful cruise. Yeah, but that's a bit Anyway, and number three, a mechanic came to help them.

24:39 So, let's have a look at the correct option. And yeah, a mechanic came to help them. So, the sentence the complete sentence is the car broke down and a mechanic came to help them. You'll notice that I say the car broke down, no, not the car broke down. Okay, we call this type of types of type of sentence, for God's sake. I've got like something in my mouth.

25:12 I can't even speak. The car broke down. I'm going to try and pronounce words more carefully from now on. The car broke down, not the car broke down. Why? Because usually in event sentences, we're communicating something, an event, something new that happened.

25:39 And it's something relevant, and you've got the subject, this one being the car, and usually an intransitive verb, that is to say, a verb that doesn't take an object, like you know take the bus. The bus there being the direct object of take. In this case, there's no object. The car broke down. In these cases, usually we accent the main stress in the utterance, in the sentence, goes on the noun, which is in the subject position. The car broke down.

26:23 And a mechanic came to help them. We've got two event sentences. So, you might hear the taxi's coming. Okay, that's another event sentence. The taxi's coming. Or your brother's waiting.

26:42 Okay? You've got this in the I mean the noun in the subject position, you've got a noun, you need to have a noun. Like car or taxi and then an intransitive verb. Anyway, and this has to be this has to be something you're communicating something relevant for the other person. Something newsworthy. I've been told.

27:11 Anyway, so the car broke down and a mechanic came to help them. A mechanic repairs vehicles. Okay? That's why it's the correct option. And in real life, an example would be if the car breaks down call a mechanic. Okay?

27:39 Next sentence. The air traffic controllers went on strike and three options. If you're listening to this only. They one, they had a wonderful cruise. Two, their flight was cancelled. And three the mec- Sorry, a mechanic came to help them.

28:07 And let's have a look at the correct option. Their flight was cancelled. So the complete sentence would be the air traffic the air traffic controllers went on strike and their flight was cancelled as a consequence. And you might say, so their flight was cancelled, too. Air traffic controllers guide planes in the sky. And to give you a real life example air traffic controllers were forced to work under intense pressure.

28:50 Next sentence. Yeah, pressure. Pressure. That's a difficult word. Pressure. Pressure.

29:00 The buffet was closed and three options. This is a new sentence. Option number one, they had nothing to eat. Number two, their flight was canceled. Number three, they couldn't get a cabin. Let me give you the correct option now.

29:24 They had nothing to eat. So, the complete sentence goes like this. The buffet was closed and they had nothing to eat. There was nothing left to eat. A buffet car on a train sells food. Or you can say, a buffet car on a train sells food.

29:49 If you connect car with the word on, usually in British English in connected speech, you'll hear a r sound there, which is called in this case a linking r. Okay? Because the words are too close to each other and this is what happens in received pronunciation and in Southern Standard British English in these two accents from the UK. So, a buffet car on a train sells food. If I make a pause between car and on, you don't hear that r sound. But, if I connect them, you will hear it.

30:34 A buffet car on a train sells food. And if you listen to native speakers, you'll listen to that as well. Pay attention. Pay close attention to that. All right. Now, we have to move on a bit more.

30:55 And a real-life example, an everyday example, would be he walked down to the buffet car for a coffee. Next sentence. The ferry was full and three options. Number one, a mechanic came to help them. Number two, they had a wonderful cruise. Yes, a cruise.

31:22 Cruise. Number three, they couldn't get a cabin. Couldn't get a cabin or couldn't get a cabin. You can say Let me give you the correct option now. Yes, they couldn't get a cabin. Okay?

31:42 So, the ferry was full and they couldn't get a cabin. Right, because it was full. So, because the ferry was full, they couldn't get a cabin. Or you can even say they couldn't get a cabin because the ferry was full. These are two ways you can paraphrase these ideas. Okay?

32:07 Because one is the cons the reason or the cause and the other is the consequence. The ferry was full being the reason or cause and the consequence being they couldn't get a cabin. All right. So, a cabin Let me say that again. So, a cabin is a room on a ship. And in real life, you might hear all the passenger cabins are on the upper decks.

32:48 Okay? Next sentence. The liner was very modern. And three sentences. The driver had to open the boots. Number two.

33:05 They had a wonderful cruise. And number three, they had nothing to eat. Okay. So, they had a wonderful cruise. Yeah, they had a wonderful cruise. This is like anyway.

33:23 What I didn't like about these exercises is like the same options were recycled, you know? That made it maybe too easy for you to realise which was the correct option. Yeah, that's something I didn't like about this. Anyway So, so you might say the liner was very modern and they had a wonderful cruise. And a liner is a big passenger ship. And a cruise is a holiday at sea.

34:02 Anyway in real life, you might hear they're going on a cruise round the Mediterranean. And that's a tricky word, isn't it? And to give me to give you the pronunciation of that word, let me read it to you. Mediterranean. Yeah, Mediterranean. Okay.

34:33 Mediterranean. It's a double stressed word. Secondary accent or stress goes on med. And the main accent goes on A. So, you say Mediterranean. Mediterranean.

34:55 So, and this refers to the sea surrounded by southern Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. Or it might refer to the countries next to the Mediterranean Sea. Let's continue with the next exercise. I hope you're able to see the words right here. You've got to this is exercise 31.2, taken from the book. And we have to You have to sort the words.

35:30 Okay? And one of the words fit in two places. And the idea is which is it? Okay? So, if you're listening to this, you can't see the words. Okay?

35:46 And sorting words means to drag words into the correct category. Okay? We've got four categories, and they are road, rail, air, sea. And the words, let me read them to you because if you're listening to this, you won't be able to actually see them. And you won't know where to put the words, what words actually you have to, you know, sort into well, these lots, these categories. So, I'm going to start reading the words.

36:27 We've got wing, chauffeur, liner, port, lorry, helicopter, deck, coach, ground staff. Yeah, you can't see that maybe if you're watching this because I'm obstructing the view now. Ground staff. Yeah, ground staff. Express, that's another word. Gangway, jumbo jet, van, runway, tram, cockpit, platform.

37:03 Okay, that's the last word. So let's let's start sorting them. Yeah, let's make the words fit into these places, into these categories, road, rail, air, and sea. So, let's begin with the first one. Steering wheel. Okay, that's goes in the first category the road category.

37:32 Steering wheel, okay? It's the a wheel that is used for steering a vehicle, a car, for example. Steering wheel. Next word in that same category. We'll begin We'll we go first, we'll start with the road category, then we'll continue with the rail category, air, and sea later on. So, second word in the first category, that's road transport, coach.

38:08 Coach. Okay. Third word, tram. Tram. Next word, chauffeur. In the UK, chauffeur, van, lorry.

38:28 Okay? Now, let's continue with the next category, rail. And the first word that comes up is express. Express. Next word, platform. Platform.

38:46 Next word, coach. Remember that we said that we can talk about rail transport. We can talk about the coach when it comes to rail transport, too, as well as road transport. Next word, in the same in the next category, this one, the air transport category, jumbo jet. Jumbo jet. Next one, helicopter.

39:22 Helicopter. Okay? How's that going? Helicopter. We've got the next word in the same category, the air transport category, runway. Runway.

39:41 Next one, wing. Wing. Okay? Next one, ground staff. Ground staff. Let's continue with the next category.

39:58 This is sea transport. And we've got a few words left, liner. Well, actually, cockpit goes in the air transport category, okay? Cockpit. Cockpit. Now, we can move on to the C category.

40:20 Port. Port. Gangway. Gangway. Liner. Liner.

40:30 And the last word is deck. Deck. Okay. Now, it is time to continue with the next exercise. The next section. This is section B in the book.

40:47 This is remember the name it's English vocabulary in news upper intermediate by Michael McCarthy and Felicity Jones. If you want to get the book I will drop a link later on and you'll find it on my YouTube channel when you see this posted there. Okay. So, section B in the theory section. This is the first page 68 from the book. Now, we're going to talk about four words that cause a lot of mistakes.

41:31 Okay? So, journey, trip, travel, and voyage. Okay, let's sort these definitions. We have to match the words with the definitions. Okay? We've got travel, journey, voyage, and trip.

41:52 Yes, journey. Journey. In the US, usually, you will hear journey, journey. And the definitions are long from A to B. Short The next one is shorter than a journey. That's the second definition.

42:13 Guys, if you're listening to this and the third definition, general uncountable. And the last one, long by sea. Formal, it's a usually a formal word. Okay, let's sort these into the correct categories. So, travel refers it's well, a general uncountable noun. And we can say let me read an example to you if you can't see it on screen or if you're listening to this.

42:52 Travel broadens the mind, okay? Next one, journey goes with long from A to B. And you can talk about a long journey by coach. For example. Next one. Voyage.

43:15 This is a long okay, it's yeah, it's usually a voyage is long, okay? And by sea. And it's a formal word, not informal. And you can talk about a voyage of discovery. And the last one, of course, is a trip. And this is usually shorter than a journey, okay?

43:41 This is This actually is shorter than a journey. And that's why you can say a business trip, not business journey. Okay? All right, let's keep talking about journey, trip, and voyage. So, you can go on a trip and you can take a trip. These are common collocations with trip.

44:11 So, go on a trip. This means suggests actually this suggests an organized short excursion. Yeah, as this is what it this word suggests. You know, if you go on a trip you go on an organized short excursion. That's an interesting word. I'm going to read it to you.

44:43 So, you can say excursion, excursion. To give you two examples, this year's annual excursion will be to Lincoln. Another you can go on an excursion as we said before or an excursion to somewhere, right? As we said before, this year's annual excursion will be to I don't know I don't know this place. But you can go on an excursion. Another example would be next week we're going on an excursion.

45:18 Or next week we're going on an excursion. Very good. Interesting. You can say take a trip. You can take a trip. Okay?

45:35 And this is something you do yourself. For example in your own car. Okay? And this is Let me give you another example. We took a trip to the beach last weekend. And weekend actually is the American pronunciation.

45:54 In the UK, you will usually hear weekend. Okay? So, let that again. We took a trip to the beach last weekend. All right. So yeah.

46:15 Let's continue. Now, we've got to fill in the gaps. This is getting more interesting. If you can't see that because you're listening to this, you've got a sentence with a gap. And that sentence is I would love to gap around the world in a balloon. And you've got three options.

46:37 They're the ones at stake here. They're the ones that usually confuse people. Travel, trip, and voyage. So, I'm going to give you the correct answer now. You can think, choose one word, write it down, and then I'll give you the correct answer, and you'll say, "Okay." You'll You'll check if you were right or wrong. Travel.

47:09 I would love to travel around the world in a balloon. Travel is a general word and also a verb. Okay? And in real life, you will usually hear, "I have to travel a lot in my job." So, it's like the general word to talk about traveling, that's travel. And another example, the next example which has a gap, too. The liner Titanic sank on its very first And you've got three options here.

47:53 Trip, flight, voyage. And I'm going give you the correct answer now. Write it down first so that you can check it. All right? Voyage is the correct word. The liner Titanic sank on its very first voyage.

48:15 Yes, sank is the past simple of sink. And this is an irregular verb. Right? So, you say sink, sank, sunk. The past participle is pronounced without a vowel sound just like, for example, words like bought or duck, as we said before. Okay, let's continue with the next sentence.

48:44 But before that, let me talk a bit more about voyage. So, voyage is a long journey, usually by sea. And in real life, you'll usually hear the ship set sail on its maiden voyage. Okay? So, that's maiden. Maiden, do you know that word?

49:18 Does it ring you Does it ring any bells? I mean, am I ringing any bells? What I'm actually saying is, is it familiar to you? That's why we use That's That's how we use that expression, to ring any bells or to ring a bell. So, you might say, " have you ever heard of that?" "Well, it rings a bell, but no. No, I don't I haven't.

49:49 I don't think so. Anyway Yes, so you can talk about a maiden being the first of its type. Okay? So, that's a maiden. And what about these? Okay.

50:12 Yeah, and it has to do with that, but actually a maiden voyage is a noun. It's a compound noun. Okay? So, you can say a maiden voyage. Maiden voyage. And it refers to the first journey made by a ship or spacecraft.

50:37 And a common collocation is on its maiden voyage, as in the sentence I gave you before. The ship set sail on its maiden voyage. Yes, and here's another example from the dictionary, the Cambridge online dictionary, which is pretty much this example. The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage in 1912. It's the same example, actually. Anyway, let's continue.

51:17 Next sentence. It's a question, and of course it has a gap. How long does the gap from New York to Rio take? Three options: travel, flight, voyage. Write it down. Pick one of these.

51:40 And I'll give you the correct answer now. Flight. How long does the flight from New York to Rio take? Have you got any ideas? Guys, I don't know. So, interesting question, but why is it that this is the correct option?

52:06 Flight Well, this is by plane, right? Traveling by plane. And to give you an example in real life, you might say, "Have a good flight. Have a good flight." Okay. Next word. Ne- Actually, next sentence.

52:31 Next fill-in-the-gap sentence. So, we've got the sentence you have to complete now is, "She says her hobbies are reading, golf, sorry, golf, and you've got three options there to complete. Travel, journey, or trip." remember to pick one of these words. Maybe you can pause the video now if you're watching this or listening to this later on. And okay, let me give you the correct option now. So, and that is travel.

53:20 Travel. That's the way you pronounce that word. Travel, with that a at the beginning, just like cat. Travel. Travel. And why is this the correct option?

53:35 Travel is an uncountable noun. You don't say a travel or a traveled. Okay? You say travel as an uncountable noun. You can use it in that way. You will have to use it in that way actually.

53:55 As a general thing you do like this like in this case, you know, a hobby, travel as a hobby or something you do. And [clears throat] Let me read you Let me read an example to you from real life. A foreign travel broadens the mind. Okay? Next example. A sentence.

54:29 And this one has a gap, of course. When they were in Cairo and they took a gap to see the pyramids. To see the pyramids. And you've got three options. Journey, voyage, or trip to choose from. Okay?

54:58 So, which is going to be? Which do you think is the correct option? Write it down. Think about it. And next I'm going to give you the correct option. So, we say Cairo.

55:16 Cairo. Cairo. That's the pronunciation of the capital city of Egypt which is situated in the northern part of the country on the River Nile. Yes, that's the River Nile, isn't it? Ever heard of it? River Nile, a major river in Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, and well, other countries.

55:53 Anyway, anyway, let us continue. So, the correct option is trip. When they were in Cairo, yeah, Cairo, and we need a comma there, you know, if you're not reading this, that there's there should be a comma there. When they were in Cairo, comma, they took a trip to see the pyramids. The pyramids. Yes.

56:31 Why trip? A trip is a short excursion. And a real-life example is we went on a day trip to the seaside. Excellent. Now, next sentence. And the sentence goes like this.

56:57 Getting from London to the north of Scotland involves a long overnight train and three gaps. Sorry, you've got one gap, three words to choose from. You have to choose one of them. Remember to write it down or take a mental note. And yeah. So, this is travel, journey, or trip.

57:25 Which is going to be the correct option? Travel, journey, or trip. Okay. Journey is the correct option, isn't it? Yes. So, getting from London to the north of Scotland involves a long overnight train journey.

57:50 Which is true. Yes, you do have to take an overnight train. Right? Yeah. I did that. I did that sometime ago, which was absolutely great.

58:04 I went to from I went from London to Edinburgh. And it was great. Anyway. Journey, why journey? It's a long journey from A to B. That's a That's a journey, you know?

58:25 So, it's Yeah. It's long and it's from A to B. Point A to point B, basically. And a real-life example would be Did you have a good journey? Did you have a good journey? Did you have a good journey, my darling?

58:49 Something like that. Okay. Next sentence to complete. My flight from New York to Tokyo was severely and you've got three options. This In this case, we are actually we're moving on to a different section. This is This section deals with common collocations.

59:15 You know, common collocations when talking about travel in English. And this is the first part. And so, the question is which word collocates with severely in this case? So, you say Let me read the sentence again. The sentence again. My flight from New York to Tokyo was severely on three options you've got.

59:41 Delayed, canceled, or missed. Okay, choose the correct option and let me give you the correct answer now. Delayed. My flight from New York to Tokyo was sorry. My flight from New York to Tokyo was severely delayed. Severely delayed.

1:00:15 And yeah, this is the word delayed. And yeah, common collocation is severely delayed. These words co-occur frequently in English or with high frequency. Okay? Delayed for a very long time. That's what it means.

1:00:39 And My flight was delayed due to heavy fog. That's a common everyday example. The flight was delayed due to heavy fog. Next example, sentence to complete. I was gap at the airport. And you've got three options.

1:01:06 Lost, stopped, stuck. Lost, stopped, and stuck. Yes, stuck. That's t u c k. In case you're listening to this only. So, choose one of these words.

1:01:26 I was gap at the airport. Okay, stuck. Yes, you say usually in English, I was stuck. I was stuck at the airport for 3 hours. For example. To be stuck at a place means to be unable to move from that place.

1:02:01 And to give you a everyday example, we were stuck in traffic for over 2 hours. Next sentence to complete. The airline gap me up in hotel overnight. Three options. Set, put, got. Choose one option and I'm going to give you the correct option now.

1:02:38 One, two, three. Put is the correct option here. The airline put me up in hotel overnight. Why put? Put someone up means to pay for someone to stay at a place, okay? In this case if we're talking about me, of course, they paid for me to stay there.

1:03:13 And a common example, a common everyday example, Sally offered to put me up for the night. Okay? Sally offered to put me up for the night. All right. Next example. So, this is they put me on gap for the early morning flight.

1:03:46 Three options to complete the sentence. Stand by, hold, or wait. Choose one option, and then I'm going to give you the correct answer in just a sec. One, two, three. Yep. Stand by.

1:04:08 That's the correct option. They put me on stand by for the early morning flight. Stand by, why the correct option? Why is it the correct option? They promised me a seat if one became available. All right.

1:04:33 And in everyday life, you might hear the examples like we were put on stand by for the afternoon flight. So, usually you're put on stand by someone else. Okay? That's passive voice. As in both examples, the same applies. They put me on stand by.

1:05:00 And in the second is we were put on stand by for the afternoon flight. Next example. This is the flight left gap at 7:00 a.m. And the three options to complete are phrases in this case, prepositional phrases, in time, at time, and on time. Choose one option, and I'm going to give you the correct option now. On time.

1:05:43 The flight left on time at 7:00 a.m. Why? On time refers to punctually. Okay? So, doing something punctually, not in time. So, punctually, that's the adverb.

1:06:10 It is the adverb, and it's punctually, at the expected or correct time, and not late. So, other examples would be the meeting started punctually at 10:00 a.m. Or, everyone arrived punctually. And you can talk about the noun being punctuality. Punctuality, that's the noun. You can say, for example, punctuality has never been his strong point.

1:06:44 Well we could we this could be talking about me. Anyway, or you might say, "As chair of the committee, she insisted on punctuality." Double stressed word. Punk secondary stress, and main stress on ah, as in punctuality. Punctuality. So, going back to the slides. Yeah, and to give you another example, you might hear in everyday life the train arrived right on time.

1:07:27 Not in time, but on time. Next sentence to complete. Common collocation, another common collocation. Okay. There was quite a lot of gap during the flight. Yes.

1:07:47 There was quite a lot of gap during the flight. Choose the correct option. One, two, three. Turbulence. There was quite a lot of turbulence during the flight. Why turbulence?

1:08:09 Turbulence refers to strong sudden movements while the plane is in the air. In real life, you might hear we're running to heavy turbulence over the Atlantic. Yes, turbulence. Turbulence. Turbulence. It begins with that sound as in words like church, turbulence.

1:08:40 And the next example. The plane touched down hard. We had a bumpy gap to complete. Three words, three options. Landing, number one, number two, takeoff, number three, boarding. Let me give you the correct answer now.

1:09:07 Choose one and get ready. One, two, three. Landing. Landing. A bumpy landing. And this refers to well, landing in a way that was not smooth.

1:09:31 Okay, that's a bumpy landing. And to give you an example, that's we had a bumpy landing in strong winds. We had a bumpy landing in strong winds. Did you get it right? Let's see the next one. The next one.

1:09:51 Yes, I need to drink some water now. Anyway, I don't have any at the moment, so let's continue. Luckily, I don't get gap. Right, we've got a gap there to complete and three options to choose from. Choose one. Seasick.

1:10:14 Seasick. That's the way you pronounce it. Seasick. Number two. Carsick. Carsick.

1:10:28 And number three, airsick. Airsick. Okay, that's airsick. And we're going to mute this now. Very good. And let me count to three and give you the correct answer.

1:10:50 One, two, three. That's airsick. Airsick Luckily, I don't get airsick. I don't get airsick. Why? To get airsick refers to feeling sick because of the movement of the plane.

1:11:17 And a more formal equivalent Yes, a more formal equivalent would be to suffer from airsickness. You know, airsickness being the noun. And airsick being the adjective here. Let's have a look at the next sentence. Okay, this is the sentence, the everyday life example. I always feel airsick during long flights.

1:11:50 Next example. Next collocation. Yeah, next collocation. Come on, well, next collocation. Let's put it that way. I had terrible gap for days afterwards.

1:12:06 Three options. Standby. Jet lag. Turbulence. Let me count to three and give you the correct option. One, two, three.

1:12:20 Very good. Jet lag. Jet lag. Why? Jet lag means tiredness caused by moving quickly from one time zone to another. Okay, that's that's jet lag.

1:12:36 Tiredness caused by moving quickly from one time zone to another. And in real life, you'll usually hear I had bad jet lag. I had bad jet lag after that last trip overseas. Next one. And I'd always wanted to gap across the Mediterranean. Three options.

1:13:13 Choose one. One, two, three. Sail. Drive. Fly. And yeah.

1:13:23 Now you can choose. Sorry, because I forgot to give you the the options before. Now I can count to three and give you the correct answer. One, two, three. Sail. I'd always wanted to sail across the Mediterranean.

1:13:45 I had always That's the past perfect. I had always wanted to sail across the Mediterranean. Sail refers to travel on water in a boat or ship. And an example would be We'd love to sail around the Greek Islands. We'd love to sail around the Greek Islands. Okay?

1:14:16 Next sentence. I was worried I might get empty gap. You've got the gap there to complete. Three options. Two. Air sick.

1:14:27 Jet lagged. Yeah. Plus ed at the end. And sea sick. Let me count to three. One, two, three.

1:14:39 Sea sick. Sea sick. Yes, that's sea sick. To get sea sick Yes, this is something we mentioned before. Feeling sick because of the movement of a boat. And I think we did mention that.

1:14:54 I don't know. I don't remember really. I get seasick even on a short ferry ride. Yeah, maybe we didn't mention that before. Anyway, let's continue. Okay.

1:15:13 I volunteered to work as a crew gap and empty gap on a yacht. So, it's I volunteered to work as a crew empty gap on a yacht. Three options. Staff, member, worker. Let me count to three. 1 2 3.

1:15:39 Member. Member. Okay. So, now I've got something to tell you. With we have indeed come to the end of this first part. Okay?

1:15:57 Of English Vocabulary in Use Upper-Intermediate. This is if you're listening to the podcast, this is Alex's Adventures The British English Podcast. And if you're on my YouTube channel, that's Alex's Adventures in English. Alex apostrophe S Adventures in English. I'm Alex, a professional English teacher who loves to break down real English. So this time I'm helping you get a B2 level with this great book.

1:16:28 So, if you enjoyed this episode, what yeah, you can like and subscribe. It's free. All right? So see you next time and don't forget to yes, click on that I think it's a bell and you'll get a notification next time I'm live or next time I've published a new episode. So, goodbye for now and talk to you later, guys. Bye-bye for now.

1:17:03 Take care.